Monthly Punjabi Magazine Nisot.com

9 meI ƒ brsI `qy

bfbf juaflf isMG TwTIaF

— crMjI lfl kMgxIvfl—

Êdr pfrtI dIaF srgrmIaF kfrn lgfqfr 18 sfl dI sËf Bugqx ipCoN sMn 1933 ivc bfbf jvflf isMG ƒ irhfa kIqf igaf. Aus smyN ‘dyÈ Bgq prvfr shfiek kmytI’ dy pRDfn bfbf vsfKf isMG ibmfr aqy jUhbMd sn. AuhnF bfbf jvflf isMG ƒ ‘dyÈ Bgq prvfr shfiek kmytI’dy kfiem-mukfm pRDfn Qfp ky kmytI dI iËMmyvfrI sONp idwqI.

— jvflf isMG —

bfbf jvflf isMG ny qyjf isMG sÌrI ƒ nfl lY ibhfr qy bMgfl dy ielfikaF df dOrf krky dyÈ Bgq prvfr shfiek kmytI dy leI coKI mfieaf iekwTI kr idwqI sI. iehnF idnF ivc bfbf gurmuwK isMG qy bfbf ipRQvI isMG lflVU aMgryËI hkUmq qoN bcdy bcfAuNdy aPgfinsqfn puwj gey sn qy ieh kfbl ivc srkfr dy hwQ af gey sn. AuhnF bfry koeI surfÉ nhIN sI imldf qF 15 mfrc 1934 ƒ sfnPrFissko qoN Êdr pfrtI dI bfbf jI dy nFa qfr afeI ik AuhnF df pqf kIqf jfvy. zr sI ik jy kfbl srkfr ny AuhnF ƒ aMgryËI hkUmq dy spurd kr idwqf qF Auh jIAUNdy nhIN bcxy. bfbf jI ny aYjItyÈn, ÈurU kr idwqI. aÉbfrF rfhIN AuhnF dI irhfeI leI kfbl srkfr `qy Ëor pfieaf igaf. lfhOr qoN Cpdy ‘Kflsf’ aMgryËI qy ‘pfrs’ (AurdU) ies aMdoln dy ivruwD ilKdy sn. bfbf jvflf isMG kuwJ sfQIaF ƒ nfl lY ky iehnF aÉbfrF dy sMpfdkF ƒ imly, ‘Kflsf’ df sMpfdk srdfr bKÈIÈ isMG qF bfbf jI dI gwl mMn igaf, pr ‘pfrs’ df aYzItr krm cMd tflmtol krn lwgf. bfbf jvflf isMG dy nfl gey hËfrf isMG isMgr ny jyb `coN ipsqOl kwiZaf qy dUjy hwQ nfl krm cMd dI sMGI Guwtdf hoieaf kihx lwgf, ‘muV ky ilKyNgf?’ ‘myry agly vI nhIN ilKxgy’ kih ky krm cMd ny afpxI jfn bcfeI sI.
bfbf bkflf ivKy puMinaf dy myly mOky AuQoN dy ividafrQIaF dI ‘anMd mMzlI’ nFa dI sMsQf vwloN srovr kMZy smfgm krvfieaf igaf, ijs ivc Kfs qOr `qy bulfey gey bfbf jI ny afpxy prDfngI BfÈx ivc pihlI vfr ikrqI qy iksfnF dIaF jQybMdIaF Ausfrn dI pRyrnf dy ky AuhnF dy hwkF-ihwqF leI afpxy afp ƒ smripq krn df aYlfn kIqf sI. kMmokI ipMz ivc ikrqI iksfnF dy jlsy ivc AuhnF ƒ aMgryËI hkUmq ivrwuD lYkcr dyx dy sMbMD ivc sMn 1935 ivc igRPqfr krky cwly mukwdmy ivc iewk sfl dI kYd qy do sO rupey Ëurmfny dI sËf suxfeI sI. sËf muwkx `qy bfbf jvflf isMG dI irhfeI dy mOky bfbf Èyr isMG vyeIpUeIN dI agvfeI ivc iewk vwzf jwQf 15 julfeI 1936 ƒ AuhnF dy suafgq leI mulqfn dI sYNtr jylH ƒ Byijaf igaf sI. bfbf jI df suafgq krky jlUs dI Èkl ivc zyrf sfihb gurduafry ivc jQydfr awCr isMG, bfbf sohx isMG Bknf aqy mfstr qfrf isMG vwloN AuhnF df suafgq kIqf igaf sI. jdoN ieh kfÌlf lfhOr qoN aMimRqsr styÈn `qy puwjf qF kurbfnI dy puMj bfbf jvflf isMG dy suafgq leI AuWmzI BIV dI Qfh nhIN sI pfeI jFdI, ijwQy AuhnF ƒ byimsfl jlUs dI Èkl ivc jilHaF vflf bfÊ dy qihÈudf pRogrfmF ivc ilaFdf igaf, AuWQy lokF dy TfTF mfrdy smuMdr ivc bfbf jI ƒ ‘jI afieaF’ kihx ipwCoN bfbf jI dIaF kurbfnIaF ƒ Xfd krky snmfinq kIqf igaf sI.
hux bfbf jvflf isMG leI awgoN dy morcy sr krn leI iqafr sn. pihlf morcf sI iksfnF ƒ jQybMd krnf qy dUjf sI pMjfb asMblI dIaF coxF. dohF moricaF ƒ kmfn dyx leI AuhnF lfhOr dy bYYRzlf hfl ƒ afpxf mrkË bxf ky pihlf coxF dy morcy dI kmfn ƒ sMBfilaf aMgryËI ivroDI qfkqF ƒ iekwTf krky ‘dyÈ Bgq sIlYkÈn borz’ dy nFa hyT morcf bxfieaf sI qy bfbf jvflf isMG ies dy pRDfn bxy. kuwl 10 sItF ivcoN 8 sItF ijwq ky cox morcf Piqh kIqf igaf sI. ies Pqih dI ivlwKx pRfpqI sI kfmryz sohx isMG joÈ qy kfmryz qyjf isMG suqMqr dI ijwq. kfmryz qyjf isMG suqMqr Aus smyN atk jylH ivc kYd sn. sohx isMG joÈ ƒ ijqfAux leI bfbf jvflf isMG ny hridafl isMG isaflkot aqy kfmryz rfm isMG Gflfmflf ƒ nfl lY ky hlky dy mÈhUr ipMz qKq mwl dI pMzorI dI KUhI `qy zyrf lf ilaf sI, ijwQoN dy mÈhUr nrYx isMG sPYdpoÈ ƒ ilafAux leI Aus dy Gr srdfr hridafl isMG ƒ Byijaf igaf sI. srdfr nrYx isMG BfvyN sPYdpoÈ sI pr dyÈ Bgq sI, jdoN hridafl isMG ny Aus ƒ bfbf jvflf isMG dy afAux df mMqv dwisaf qF Auh nMgy pYrIN bfbf jI dy drÈxF leI Bwjf af igaf sI. ipafr nfl iml ky puwiCaf ik bfbf jI kI Ckogy? bfbf jvflf isMG ny pihlF puwiCaf ik kfmryz sohx isMG joÈ ƒ ikMnIaF votF pY jfxgIaF? pMj imMt soc ky nrYx isMG ny AuWqr idwqf ik cOhF pMzorIaF ivcoN pMj votF bfhr jfxgIaF. bfkI sfrIaF joÈ ƒ pYxgIaF. svyr ƒ qurn lwigaF bfbf jI ny votF dy nfl pYisaF dI vI mMg kr idwqI. srdfr nrYx isMG sPYdpoÈ ny ZfeI afny PI-vot dyx df vfadf kIqf sI.
pihly idn pMzorIaF ny votF leI Bugqxf sI. dUroN-dUroN lokIN votF pYNdIaF dyKx afey sn. lfl JMzy cuwkI lokIN Zol vjfAuNdy votF pfAux afey sn. ies aflOikk nËfry ƒ dyK ky Ausy idn knsoa PYl igaf sI joÈ dy ijwqx dI. ies qrHF pMzorIaF dIaF votF ny hI kfmryz sohx isMG joÈ ƒ ijqf ky ielfky dy nfmvr jgIrdfr srdfr rGbIr isMG sMDfvflIaF dI ipwT lf idwqI sI.
ies cox smyN qyjf isMG suqMqr dI drKfsq rwd ho geI sI. lfhOr dI cUnIaF vflI iewk sIt KflI ho geI sI. ies sIt qoN qyjf isMG suqMqr ƒ dubfrf KVHf kIqf igaf sI. meI 1937 df smF sI. mfstr qfrf isMG df AumIdvfr mMgl isMG suqMqr dy mukfbly `qy sI. aKIrly smyN mMgl isMG ny afpxy kfgË bfbf jvflf isMG ƒ arpn kridaF ikhf sI jy suqMqr jI ies qrHF irhfa ho skdy hn, qF mYN KVHf nhIN huMdf. bfbf jI dI dUr-idRÈtI qoN AuhnF dI afigaf df pflx krky dyÈ Bgq qfkqF vwloN qyjf isMG suqMqr ƒ ibnF mukfbilEN ijqfAuxf iksy kfrnfmy qoN Gwt nhIN sI.
coxF dOrfn GuMmx nfl bfbf jI ƒ pyNzU lokF dI qrsXog hflq df igafn ho igaf sI qy Auh hux dUjy morcy leI iksfnF ƒ jQybMd krn leI qur pey sn. pMjfb iksfn sBf dy ieiqhfs ƒ priKaf jfvy qF ikhf jf skdf hY ik idwlI qoN ipÈfvr qwk dy ivÈfl pMjfb dy iksfnF dI jQybMdI df puMgfrf bfbf jvflf isMG qy Aus dy sfQIaF dIaF sKq GFlnfvF sdkf hoieaf sI. ÉUn nfl isMj ho ky vDI PuwlI iewko iewk isrmOr jQybMdI pMjfb iksfn sBf sI. ijs df jlOa swTivaF qwk bf dsqUr kfiem irhf.
23 mfrc 1937 ƒ pMjfb iksfn sBf dI buinafd rwKI geI qF bfbf jvflf isMG ies dy pRDfn aqy bI pI aYWl bydI jnrl skwqr bxfey gey sn. bfbf jI Kud ies dI BrqI leI ipMzoN ipMz ho qury, Auh nIlIbfr ijhy rfjnIqk rwkVF ivc iksfn lihr dy bIj bIjx leI rfqF mËHbIaF dy GrF ivc Tihrdy, idny hlvfhkF nfl iksfn BrqI leI mÈvry krdy sn. kuJ idnF ivc hI 75000 iksfn BrqI ho gey sn. 22 mMgF df cfrtr iqafr krky nIlIbfr qy gMjIbfr dy muËfiraF ƒ jQybMd kIqf igaf sI. nIlIbfr ivc mMgF leI 50000 muËfiraF ny hVqfl ÈurU kIqI qF jfgIrdfrF dy sfh sUqy gey sn. pMjfb dI aMgryËpRsq XUnIinst srkfr ny Gbrf ky mfl mihkmyN dy vËIr srdfr bhfdr suMdr isMG mjITIaf ƒ mulqfn Byijaf sI. pr suMdr isMG mjITIaf bfbf jI qoN aYnF inMvdf sI ik Auh bfbf jI df sfhmxf nf kr skx krky Aus ny PfeInYNÈIal kimÈnr ƒ muËfiraF dIaF mMgF ƒ mnËUr krn df hukm dy ky gMjIbfr Byijaf sI. PfeInYNÈIal kimÈnr ny 11 meI 1937 ƒ 20000muËfiraF dy lwgy KuwlHy pMzfl ivc bfbf jvflf isMG dI hfËrI ivc 22 ivcoN 20 mMgF svIkfr krky bfkI do ƒ awgoN mMnx df XkIn duaf idwqf sI. ies ijwq `qy bfbf jvflf isMG jI ny sMboDn kridaF ikhf sI, “quhfzy iewkmuwT hox sdkf qusIN awj ivwq kimÈnr dy brfbr bYTy ho. quhzIaF mMgF mMnIaF geIaF hn. awgoN vI quhfzf iekwT sÌlqf dI jfmnI hY.” ihMdusqfn dy ieiqhfs ivc pihlI vfr sI ik jQybMdk Gol dI aYzI vwzI pRfpqI hoeI hovy. jgIrdfrF dy cwkF ivc swB pfsIN ies ijwq qoN pRBfvq ho ky muËfrf lihr psrnI ÈurU ho geI sI. ijs ipwCy bfbf jvflf isMG dI iqafg Bfvnf qy kurbfnI Bry jIvn df pRqfp sI.
rfjsI kYdI CuzfE kmytI vwloN 6 PrvrI 1938 ƒ lfhOr ivc bhuq BfrI muËfhrf kIqf igaf sI. ies lVI ivc ipMz Pqyvflf (aMimRqsr) ivc jlsf krn dI koiÈÈ kIqI geI qF ipMz dy DnfZF ny jlsf nf hox idwqf. dyÈ Bgq qfkqF leI ieh nmoÈI vflI Gtnf sI. bfbf jvflf isMG dy hukm `qy 13 mfrc 1938 ƒ Pwqyvfl ivc zONzI ipwt ky jlsf krn df aYlfn kIqf igaf sI. inXq smyN bdmfÈF ny jlsf rokx leI jdoN rOlf pfAux dI koiÈÈ kIqI qF pRbMDkF ny hiQafrbMd ho ky jlsf kfmXfb kr ilaf, pr iewk bdmfÈ vlMtIarF hwQoN mfiraf igaf sI. ies kys ivc bfbf jI dy vfrMt inkl gey sn. ies kys ƒ ieiqhfs ivc ‘Piqafvfl mrzr kys’ krky jfixaf jFdf hY. ieh kys vwKrf ieiqhfsk drjf rwKdf hY. nIlIbfr ivc ‘bMny AuWqy awDo awD’ df nfhrf idwqf igaf qF bfbf jvflf isMG dI agvfeI ivc ieh vI kfmXfb kr ilaf igaf sI. ies morcy dI iewk dfsqF ieWQy dwsxI ËrUrI hY. ies ielfky ivc kfmryz ivDfvf rfm nvF-nvF ptvfrI bx ky afieaf qF Auh ies morcy qoN aYnf pRBfvq hoieaf ik nOkrI qoN asqIÌf ilK ky Aus ny zI[sI[ ƒ Byj idwqf. zI[sI[ ny smJfieaf qy XkIn vI duafieaf ik Aus ƒ CyqI pwkf kr idwqf jfvygf. ivDfvf rfm ny zI[sI[ ƒ jvfb idMidaf ikhf ik Aus ny hux bfbf jvflf isMG df hI ptvfrI bnx df ÌYslf lY ilaf hY ivDfvf rfm ny kIqf Auh pRx qoV hXfqI qwk inBfieaf. ieh bfbf jvflf isMG dy iqafg qy kurbfnI Bry guxF sdkf hI sI ik kfmryz ivDfvf rfm vrgy Aus dy anykF murId bx gey sn, ijhnF afpxIaF iËMdgIaF lokF dy lyKy lf idwqIaF sn.
muËfrf lihr leI nvyN kMmF dI Xojnf leI meI 1938 ivc bfbf jvflf isMG imMtgumrI ivcly hfrP vfly awzy ƒ cly gey. AuWQoN Auh bMgfl ivc kuwl ihMd iksfn sBf dI cox vflI kfnPrMs ivc Èfml hox leI 6 meI 1938 ƒ aMimRqsr vwl af rhy sn ik rsqy ivc huTflf Kurd lfgy AuhnF dI jIp df aYksIzYNt ho igaf. ies hfdsy ƒ jfgIrdfrF dI sfijÈ vI afiKaf jFdf hY. ijs ivc bfbf jI gMBIr PwtV ho gey. pihlF AukfVf hspqfl (hux pfiksqfn) qy iPr imAuN hspqfl (lfhOr) ilaFdy gey, ijwQy AuhnF dI 9 meI 1938 ƒ mOq ho geI. AuhnF dI mOq dyÈ Bgq ÈkqIaF leI prlo dI inafeI sI. byhoÈI dI hflq ivc vI Auh nIlIbfr qy klsIaF irafsq dI muËfrf lihr bfry jfnx leI Auqsuk sn. jo Aus smyN Ëor-Èor nfl cwl rhIaF sn. ÊdrI GulftIey igafnI hrBjn isG civMzf ny AuhnF dI ÈKsIaq ƒ ‘lhU ibMnIaF XfdF’ kfiv ivc ieMJ pyÈ kIqf hY:

jvflf isMG dI jvflf buJI hI nf,
JwKV jflmF bhuq Julf idwqy.
kfly pfxI qy ihMd dI hor jylHIN,
dIvy jgdy keI buJf idwqy.
jvflf rhI jgdI jvflf isMG jI dI,
dIvy hor vI nvyN jgf idwqy.
QF-QF iksfn kmytIaF sfj ky qy,
jQybMd iksfn krvf idwqy.