Quarterly Punjabi Magazine Nisot.com

iewk aflocnfqmk aiDaYn
‘Êdr lihr: ivcfrDfrf, jwQybMdI qy rxnIqI’

— sukIrq —

dyÈ Bgq Xfdgfr kmytI, jlMDr aqy AuWqrI amrIkf dy dohF dysF dy keI ihwisaF ivwc sQfpq sMsQFvF vwloN ivENqy jFdy ÊdrI bfibaF dI Xfd ivwc lwgx vfly myilaF kfrn ienHF suqMqrqf sMgrfmIaF ƒ cyqy ivwcoN Kfrj qF nhIN hox idwqf jf irhf,

pr Bfrq dy suqMqrqf sMgrfm ivwc AunHF dI lihr dI dyx qy iesdy shI sQfn dI inÈfndyhI krfx vflI jfxkfrI qoN afm pfTk hux vI ivrvf hY. ies gwl dy bfvjUd ik gdr pfrtI/lihr dy dUjy dOr dy GulftIaF ivwcoN kuJ ajy vI sfzy drimafn hn, qy keI hor ipCly do-iqMn dhfikaF ivwc hI sfzy ivckfroN AuWT ky gey hn. ies lihr bfry pMjfbI ivwc sB qo vD jfxI jFdI pusqk gurcrn isMG sihMsrf dI ‘Êdr pfrtI df ieiqhfs’ hY. sohn isMG joÈ dI vwz-afkfrI pusqk ‘ihMdusqfn Êdr prtI: ey ÈOrt ihstrI’ aMgryËI ivwc ilKI geI sI qy iesdf pMjfbI rUp ies vyly pRYs ivwc hY.
hux zf[ hrIÈ ky[ purI dI pihloN aMgryËI ivwc CpI pusqk pMjfbI ivwc ‘Êdr lihr: ivcfrDfrf- jQybMdI- rxnIqI’ dy nFa hyT Cp ky sfhmxy afeI hY. sihMsrf qy joÈ, Auprokq pusqkF dy lyKk, sfrf jIvn ikrqI/kimAUinst pfrtIaF dy srgrm kfrkun rhy aqy ieh dovyN pusqkF afpxf tIcf Êdr pfrtI dI ieiqhfskfrI ƒ hI imwQdIaF hn. zf[ purI dI hwQlI pusqk, ijvyN ik ies dy nFa qoN hI spÈt hY, isrÌ ieiqhfs qy kyNdrq rihx dI QF Êdr lihr df ivÈlyÈxfqmk aiDaYn krn df Auprflf hY.
pusqk dI BUimkf ivwc lyKk spÈt krdf hY: ‘Êdr lihr dI ivcfrDfrf, jwQybMdI aqy jwdojihd df aflocnfqmk aiDaYn krdaF ieh gl AuWGVdI hY ik iesdf mhwqv aqy Èfn, iesdI sÌlqf jF asÌlqf, kicafeIaF jF ivakqIgq bhfdrI dy nfp-qol ivwc nhIN sgoN iesdIaF sMBfvnfvF ivwc hY’ . ieho gl ies pusqk dI mUl sur inrDfrq krdI hY.
ies aiDaYn ƒ swq BfgF ivwc vMizaf igaf hY: ipCokV, Êdr lihr 1913-18 df sMKyp ieiqhfs, lihr dI ivcfrDfrf, jwQybMdI, rxnIqI qy kfrguËfrI, inÈkrÈ aqy 1919-47 dy drimafn Êdr pfrtI ivwc afeI qbdIlI. ies qrHF lyKk Êdr pfrtI dy dovF pVfvF df ieiqhfs pyÈ krn qoN ielfvf ies lihr dI ivcfrDfrk qy jwQybMdk smrwQf dI pVcol vI krdf hY. AuWGf smfj ÈfsqrI hox kfrn lyKk ies lihr dy smfjk ipCokV aqy sQfn df zUMGf aqy mfhr ivÈlyÈx krdf hY. ies aiDaYn rfhIN Auh kuJ aijhy iswty kwZdf hY jo smfj ivwc qbdIlI ilafx leI juty XoiDaF leI iDafn dyx Xog hn qy ies Auprfly dI pRsMgkqf ivwc ieËfÌf krdy hn.
lyKk dy afpxy ÈbdF ivwc, “ieho ijhf ivÈlyÈx smfj ivigafn dy ividafrQIaF leI Kfs krky pRsMgk hY ikENik Bfrq dy ienklfbI nOjvfn ienklfbI Gol dy iewk buinafdI aMg vwjoN ivakqIgq juJfrUpuxy aqy kurbfnI dy afqmprk aMÈ leI afpxy moh ƒ ajy vI jfrI rwK rhy hn’ . iesleI mYN Êdr lihr dI ivcfrDfrf, jwQybMdI aqy rxnIqI df aiDaYn krnf qy BfrqI rfÈtrvfd dy ivkfs dy sMdrB ivc ies lihr dI QF insicq krnf cuixaf hY. ( pMnf 7)
Êdr lihr bfry ies vzyrI kYnvs ƒ cux ky iesdf bhupwKI ivÈlyÈx krn ivwc lyKk sÌl hY, qy ieh qwQ Êdr lihr bfry imldIaF hor pusqkF dI pfl ivwc ies Auprfly ƒ vwKrf sQfn muhweIaf krdf hY. pr ieho qwQ hwQlI pusqk dy ieiqhfskfrI vfly BfgF dI sImf bxky vI AuWBrdf hY.
msln, lihr dy pihly pVfa (1913-18) df sMKyp ieiqhfs 57 siÌaF qy ÌYly hox bfvjUd afpxy sfr-rUpI Kfsy kfrn ikqy ikqy aspÈtqf pYdf krdf hY. Audfhrx dy qOr qy sÌf 127 qy mihMdr prqfp df iËkr aFdf hY pr iblkul spÈt nhIN huMdf ik Auh kOx sI qy Ausdf kI ipCokV sI. pr eysy ikrdfr bfry qÌsIl sÌf 289 qy jfky Aus smyN imldI hY, jdoN lyKk Êdr lihr dy dUjy pVfa dI ieiqhfskfrI krdf hY. eys pwKoN ieh kihxf nfvfjb nhIN hovygf ik hwQlI pusqk ƒ gRihx krn ivwc sDfrn pfTk –ijhVf Êdr pfrtI dy ÌYlvyN ieiqhfs qoN pihlF nfvfkÌ hovy- ƒ aOiKafeI mihsUs ho skdI hY.
eysy qrHF afpxI akfdimk rMgq kfrn ikqy ikqy lyKk koeI dlIl jF pVcol pyÈ krn smyN byloVI tUkbfËI df shfrf vI lYNdf jfpdf hY. Audfhrx dy qOr qy hridafl dI mfnsk bxqr bfry gwl kridaF Auh zI[ rymUsf dI QIar bfry khI gl df hvflf dyNdf hY, jo ies sMdrB ivwc byloVI jfpdI hY. hridafl bfry afpxf ivÈlyÈx bfÉUbI dy dyx dy bfvjUd jdoN lyKk ies tUk df shfrf lYNdf hY, qF Auh AusdI ilKq dI rvfnI ƒ qoVdI jfpdI hY, Aus ivwc vfDf nhIN krdI.
ies pusqk df zf[ gurbÉÈ isMG ÌrYNk ny vfjb anuvfd kIqf hY, pr ‘myrf dfiÊsqfn’ anuvfd krn vflI klm dI ilÈkor ies ivwc isrÌ ikqy ikqy hI nËrI pYNdI hYY. ies qoN ielfvf kuJ nFvF qy QFvF dy prcwlq ÈbdjoVF qoN htvIN qy bfrbfr vrqoN ajIb jfpdI hY. Audfhrx dy qOr `qy: Bkxf (Bknf), gRfmskI (gRfmÈI), iÈMgfeI (ÈMGfeI) qy tYksfË (tYksfs).
300 rupey kImq dI ies pusqk ƒ gurU nfnk dyv XUnIvristI ny Cfipaf hY. pMjfbI pRkfÈnf awj ijs mukfm qy phuMc cuwkI hY Aus dy mukfbly XunIvrstI dI ieh Byt ikqy vwD suhj BrpUr idwK ƒ locdI jfpdI hY. XUnIvrstI dy pRkfÈnf qy mudRx ivBfg ƒ smyN df hfxI bx ky qurn dI loV hY.
ies vwzmuwlI qy imhnq nfl ilKI geI bhu-prqI pusqk df aiDaYn nf isrÌ ies lihr dy ieiqhfs ƒ smJx ivwc mdd krdf hY, blik awj dI AulJvIN siQqI ivwc suihrd pr gYr-jwQybMdk jF ihMsk ZMg nfl srgrm kfrkunf sfhmxy ivcfrnXog dlIlF vI pyÈ krdf hY.
“hflfq ƒ ienklfbIaF dy ihq ivwc moVn leI rxnIqI aqy jwQybMdI dI axhoNd dI sUrq ivwc Êdr lihr ivc kurbfnIaF krn aqy bhfdrI idKfx leI iqafr-br-iqafr rihx AuWqy Ëor idwqf jfx lwgf: ‘afE, ÈhIdIaF pRfpq krIey’ aqy ‘jF goiraF ƒ mfro jF mr jfE’. hflfq df ies qrHF df moVf muwZly inÈfinaF aqy tIicaF dy DuMdly pYx dy rUp ivwc sfhmxy afieaf. pr mhwqvpUrn gwl ieh hY ik AuhnF ny ËrUrI aqy asMBv tIcy leI afpxy qfx muqfbk isdk idlI nfl jdojihd kIqI. …ienklfbI ihMsf dy ividafrQI ies lihr dy aiDaYn qoN mhwqvpUrn sbk iswK skdy hn”. (sÌf 264/5)
iehnF ÈbdF qoN bfad ieh pusqk pVHn leI iesqoN vzyrI isÌfirÈ hor kI ho skdI hY!